Cervical Biopsy

A biopsy involves the removal of tissue from the cervix to look for precancerous cells or cancer cells. Most women have their biopsy in their provider's office with local anesthesia. A pathologist examines the tissue under a microscope to determine if there are any cancerous cells.

There are several different types of biopsies, including:

• A punch biopsy where the provider uses a sharp, hollow device to pinch off small samples of cervical tissue
• A LEEP biopsy, where the provider uses an electric wire loop to slice off a thin, round piece of tissue
• Endocervical curettage, where the provider uses a small, spoon-shaped instrument called a curette, or a soft, thin brush to scrape a small sample of tissue from the cervical canal
• Conization, where the provider removes a cone-shaped sample of tissue

A conization, or cone biopsy, allows the pathologist to see if abnormal cells are in the tissue beneath the surface of the cervix. If your provider recommends this test, in most cases it will take place in the hospital. Conization can also be used as treatment to remove precancerous cells.

Removing tissue from the cervix may cause some bleeding or other discharge. The area usually heals quickly. You may also feel some pain similar to menstrual cramps, but your provider can suggest a medication to relieve this discomfort.